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Differences between /sos/main.c (Article 6.5) and /sos/main.c (Article 5)


001 /* Copyright (C) 2004  The SOS Team               001 /* Copyright (C) 2004  The SOS Team
                                                   >> 002    Copyright (C) 1999  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
002                                                   003 
003    This program is free software; you can redi    004    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
004    modify it under the terms of the GNU Genera    005    modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
005    as published by the Free Software Foundatio    006    as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
006    of the License, or (at your option) any lat    007    of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
007                                                   008    
008    This program is distributed in the hope tha    009    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
009    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the     010    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
010    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR    011    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
011    GNU General Public License for more details    012    GNU General Public License for more details.
012                                                   013    
013    You should have received a copy of the GNU     014    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
014    along with this program; if not, write to t    015    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
015    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 3    016    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307,
016    USA.                                           017    USA. 
017 */                                                018 */
018                                                   019 
019 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standa    020 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standard */
020 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h>                  021 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h>
021 #include <hwcore/idt.h>                           022 #include <hwcore/idt.h>
022 #include <hwcore/gdt.h>                           023 #include <hwcore/gdt.h>
023 #include <hwcore/irq.h>                           024 #include <hwcore/irq.h>
024 #include <hwcore/exception.h>                     025 #include <hwcore/exception.h>
025 #include <hwcore/i8254.h>                         026 #include <hwcore/i8254.h>
026 #include <sos/list.h>                             027 #include <sos/list.h>
027 #include <sos/physmem.h>                          028 #include <sos/physmem.h>
028 #include <hwcore/paging.h>                        029 #include <hwcore/paging.h>
029 #include <sos/kmem_vmm.h>                         030 #include <sos/kmem_vmm.h>
030 #include <sos/kmalloc.h>                          031 #include <sos/kmalloc.h>
031 #include <sos/time.h>                          << 
032 #include <sos/thread.h>                        << 
033 #include <sos/klibc.h>                            032 #include <sos/klibc.h>
034 #include <sos/assert.h>                           033 #include <sos/assert.h>
035 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h>                 034 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h>
036 #include <drivers/bochs.h>                        035 #include <drivers/bochs.h>
037                                                   036 
038                                                   037 
039 /* Helper function to display each bits of a 3    038 /* Helper function to display each bits of a 32bits integer on the
040    screen as dark or light carrets */             039    screen as dark or light carrets */
041 void display_bits(unsigned char row, unsigned  !! 040 static void display_bits(unsigned char row, unsigned char col,
042                   unsigned char attribute,     !! 041                          unsigned char attribute,
043                   sos_ui32_t integer)          !! 042                          sos_ui32_t integer)
044 {                                                 043 {
045   int i;                                          044   int i;
046   /* Scan each bit of the integer, MSb first *    045   /* Scan each bit of the integer, MSb first */
047   for (i = 31 ; i >= 0 ; i--)                     046   for (i = 31 ; i >= 0 ; i--)
048     {                                             047     {
049       /* Test if bit i of 'integer' is set */     048       /* Test if bit i of 'integer' is set */
050       int bit_i = (integer & (1 << i));           049       int bit_i = (integer & (1 << i));
051       /* Ascii 219 => dark carret, Ascii 177 =    050       /* Ascii 219 => dark carret, Ascii 177 => light carret */
052       unsigned char ascii_code = bit_i?219:177    051       unsigned char ascii_code = bit_i?219:177;
053       sos_x86_videomem_putchar(row, col++,        052       sos_x86_videomem_putchar(row, col++,
054                                attribute,         053                                attribute,
055                                ascii_code);       054                                ascii_code);
056     }                                             055     }
057 }                                                 056 }
058                                                   057 
059                                                   058 
060 /* Clock IRQ handler */                           059 /* Clock IRQ handler */
061 static void clk_it(int intid)                     060 static void clk_it(int intid)
062 {                                                 061 {
063   static sos_ui32_t clock_count = 0;              062   static sos_ui32_t clock_count = 0;
064                                                   063 
065   display_bits(0, 48,                             064   display_bits(0, 48,
066                SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN | SOS_    065                SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE,
067                clock_count);                      066                clock_count);
068   clock_count++;                                  067   clock_count++;
069                                                   068 
070   /* Execute the expired timeout actions (if a << 
071   sos_time_do_tick();                          << 
072 }                                                 069 }
                                                   >> 070 struct digit
                                                   >> 071 {
                                                   >> 072   struct digit *prev, *next;
                                                   >> 073   char value;
                                                   >> 074 };
073                                                   075 
                                                   >> 076 /* Representation of a big (positive) integer: Most Significant Digit
                                                   >> 077    (MSD) is the HEAD of the list. Least Significant Digit (LSD) is the
                                                   >> 078    TAIL of the list */
                                                   >> 079 typedef struct digit * big_number_t;
074                                                   080 
075 /* =========================================== << 
076  * Page fault exception handling               << 
077  */                                            << 
078                                                << 
079 /* Helper function to dump a backtrace on boch << 
080 static void dump_backtrace(const struct sos_cp << 
081                            sos_vaddr_t stack_b << 
082                            sos_size_t  stack_s << 
083                            sos_bool_t on_conso << 
084                            sos_bool_t on_bochs << 
085 {                                              << 
086   static void backtracer(sos_vaddr_t PC,       << 
087                          sos_vaddr_t params,   << 
088                          sos_ui32_t depth,     << 
089                          void *custom_arg)     << 
090     {                                          << 
091       sos_ui32_t invalid = 0xffffffff, *arg1,  << 
092                                                << 
093       /* Get the address of the first 3 argume << 
094          frame. Among these arguments, 0, 1, 2 << 
095          meaningful (depending on how many arg << 
096          take). */                             << 
097       arg1 = (sos_ui32_t*)params;              << 
098       arg2 = (sos_ui32_t*)(params+4);          << 
099       arg3 = (sos_ui32_t*)(params+8);          << 
100       arg4 = (sos_ui32_t*)(params+12);         << 
101                                                << 
102       /* Make sure the addresses of these argu << 
103          stack boundaries */                   << 
104 #define INTERVAL_OK(b,v,u) ( ((b) <= (sos_vadd << 
105                              && ((sos_vaddr_t) << 
106       if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg1, sta << 
107         arg1 = &invalid;                       << 
108       if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg2, sta << 
109         arg2 = &invalid;                       << 
110       if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg3, sta << 
111         arg3 = &invalid;                       << 
112       if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg4, sta << 
113         arg4 = &invalid;                       << 
114                                                << 
115       /* Print the function context for this f << 
116       if (on_bochs)                            << 
117         sos_bochs_printf("[%d] PC=0x%x arg1=0x << 
118                          (unsigned)depth, (uns << 
119                          (unsigned)*arg1, (uns << 
120                          (unsigned)*arg3);     << 
121                                                << 
122       if (on_console)                          << 
123         sos_x86_videomem_printf(23-depth, 3,   << 
124                                 SOS_X86_VIDEO_ << 
125                                   | SOS_X86_VI << 
126                                 "[%d] PC=0x%x  << 
127                                 (unsigned)dept << 
128                                 (unsigned)*arg << 
129                                 (unsigned)*arg << 
130                                                << 
131     }                                          << 
132                                                << 
133   sos_backtrace(cpu_state, 15, stack_bottom, s << 
134 }                                              << 
135                                                << 
136                                                << 
137 /* Page fault exception handler with demand pa << 
138 static void pgflt_ex(int intid, const struct s << 
139 {                                              << 
140   static sos_ui32_t demand_paging_count = 0;   << 
141   sos_vaddr_t faulting_vaddr = sos_cpu_context << 
142   sos_paddr_t ppage_paddr;                     << 
143                                                << 
144   /* Check if address is covered by any VMM ra << 
145   if (! sos_kmem_vmm_is_valid_vaddr(faulting_v << 
146     {                                          << 
147       /* No: The page fault is out of any kern << 
148          the moment, we don't handle this. */  << 
149       dump_backtrace(ctxt,                     << 
150                      bootstrap_stack_bottom,   << 
151                      bootstrap_stack_size,     << 
152                      TRUE, TRUE);              << 
153       sos_display_fatal_error("Unresolved page << 
154                               sos_cpu_context_ << 
155                               (unsigned)faulti << 
156                               (unsigned)sos_cp << 
157       SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(! "Got page fault (note << 
158     }                                          << 
159                                                   081 
                                                   >> 082 /* Add a new digit after the LSD */
                                                   >> 083 void bn_push_lsd(big_number_t * bn, char value)
                                                   >> 084 {
                                                   >> 085   struct digit *d;
                                                   >> 086   d = (struct digit*) sos_kmalloc(sizeof(struct digit), 0);
                                                   >> 087   SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(d != NULL);
                                                   >> 088   d->value = value;
                                                   >> 089   list_add_tail(*bn, d);
                                                   >> 090 }
160                                                   091 
161   /*                                           !! 092 
162    * Demand paging                             !! 093 /* Add a new digit before the MSD */
163    */                                          !! 094 void bn_push_msd(big_number_t * bn, char value)
164                                                !! 095 {
165   /* Update the number of demand paging reques !! 096   struct digit *d;
166   demand_paging_count ++;                      !! 097   d = (struct digit*) sos_kmalloc(sizeof(struct digit), 0);
167   display_bits(0, 0,                           !! 098   SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(d != NULL);
168                SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTRED | SOS_X8 !! 099   d->value = value;
169                demand_paging_count);           !! 100   list_add_head(*bn, d);
170                                                << 
171   /* Allocate a new page for the virtual addre << 
172   ppage_paddr = sos_physmem_ref_physpage_new(F << 
173   if (! ppage_paddr)                           << 
174     SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(! "TODO: implement swap.  << 
175   SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_paging_map(pp << 
176                                             SO << 
177                                             FA << 
178                                             SO << 
179                                             |  << 
180                                             |  << 
181   sos_physmem_unref_physpage(ppage_paddr);     << 
182                                                << 
183   /* Ok, we can now return to interrupted cont << 
184 }                                                 101 }
185                                                   102 
186                                                   103 
187 /* =========================================== !! 104 /* Construct a big integer from a (machine) integer */
188  * Demonstrate the use of SOS kernel threads   !! 105 big_number_t bn_new(unsigned long int i)
189  *  - Kernel Threads are created with various  !! 106 {
190  *    state is printed on both the console and !! 107   big_number_t retval;
191  *  - For tests regarding threads' synchroniza !! 108 
192  */                                            !! 109   list_init(retval);
                                                   >> 110   do
                                                   >> 111     {
                                                   >> 112       bn_push_msd(&retval, i%10);
                                                   >> 113       i /= 10;
                                                   >> 114     }
                                                   >> 115   while (i != 0);
                                                   >> 116 
                                                   >> 117   return retval;
                                                   >> 118 }
                                                   >> 119 
193                                                   120 
194 struct thr_arg                                 !! 121 /* Create a new big integer from another big integer */
                                                   >> 122 big_number_t bn_copy(const big_number_t bn)
195 {                                                 123 {
196   char character;                              !! 124   big_number_t retval;
197   int  color;                                  !! 125   int nb_elts;
                                                   >> 126   struct digit *d;
198                                                   127 
199   int col;                                     !! 128   list_init(retval);
200   int row;                                     !! 129   list_foreach(bn, d, nb_elts)
201 };                                             !! 130     {
                                                   >> 131       bn_push_lsd(&retval, d->value);
                                                   >> 132     }
202                                                   133 
                                                   >> 134   return retval;
                                                   >> 135 }
203                                                   136 
204 static void demo_thread(void *arg)             !! 137 
                                                   >> 138 /* Free the memory used by a big integer */
                                                   >> 139 void bn_del(big_number_t * bn)
205 {                                                 140 {
206   struct thr_arg *thr_arg = (struct thr_arg*)a !! 141   struct digit *d;
207   int progress = 0;                            << 
208                                                   142 
209   sos_bochs_printf("start %c", thr_arg->charac !! 143   list_collapse(*bn, d)
210   while (1)                                    << 
211     {                                             144     {
212       progress ++;                             !! 145       sos_kfree((sos_vaddr_t)d);
213       display_bits(thr_arg->row, thr_arg->col+ !! 146     }
                                                   >> 147 }
214                                                   148 
215       sos_bochs_putchar(thr_arg->character);   << 
216                                                   149 
217       /* Yield the CPU to another thread somet !! 150 /* Shift left a big integer: bn := bn*10^shift */
218       if ((random() % 100) == 0)               !! 151 void bn_shift(big_number_t *bn, int shift)
219         {                                      !! 152 {
220           sos_bochs_printf("yield(%c)\ !! 153   for ( ; shift > 0 ; shift --)
221           sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro !! 154     {
222           SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_threa !! 155       bn_push_lsd(bn, 0);
223           sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro !! 156     }
224         }                                      !! 157 }
225                                                   158 
226       /* Go to sleep some other times... */    << 
227       else if ((random() % 200) == 0)          << 
228         {                                      << 
229           struct sos_time t = (struct sos_time << 
230           sos_bochs_printf("sleep1(%c) << 
231           sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 
232           SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_threa << 
233           SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_time_is_zero(&  << 
234           sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 
235         }                                      << 
236                                                   159 
237       /* Go to sleep for a longer time some ot !! 160 /* Dump the big integer in bochs */
238       else if ((random() % 300) == 0)          !! 161 void bn_print_bochs(const big_number_t bn)
                                                   >> 162 {
                                                   >> 163   int nb_elts;
                                                   >> 164   const struct digit *d;
                                                   >> 165 
                                                   >> 166   if (list_is_empty(bn))
                                                   >> 167     sos_bochs_printf("0");
                                                   >> 168   else
                                                   >> 169     list_foreach(bn, d, nb_elts)
                                                   >> 170       sos_bochs_printf("%d", d->value);
                                                   >> 171 }
                                                   >> 172 
                                                   >> 173 /* Dump the big integer on the console */
                                                   >> 174 void bn_print_console(unsigned char row, unsigned char col,
                                                   >> 175                       unsigned char attribute,
                                                   >> 176                       const big_number_t bn,
                                                   >> 177                       int nb_decimals)
                                                   >> 178 {
                                                   >> 179   if (list_is_empty(bn))
                                                   >> 180     sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, col, attribute, "0");
                                                   >> 181   else
                                                   >> 182     {
                                                   >> 183       int nb_elts;
                                                   >> 184       const struct digit *d;
                                                   >> 185       unsigned char x = col;
                                                   >> 186 
                                                   >> 187       list_foreach(bn, d, nb_elts)
239         {                                         188         {
240           struct sos_time t = (struct sos_time !! 189           if (nb_elts == 0)
241           sos_bochs_printf("sleep2(%c) !! 190             {
242           sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro !! 191               sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, x, attribute, "%d.", d->value);
243           SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_threa !! 192               x += 2;
244           SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_time_is_zero(&  !! 193             }
245           sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro !! 194           else if (nb_elts < nb_decimals)
                                                   >> 195             {
                                                   >> 196               sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, x, attribute, "%d", d->value);
                                                   >> 197               x ++;
                                                   >> 198             }
246         }                                         199         }
247                                                   200 
248       /* Infinite loop otherwise */            !! 201       sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, x, attribute, " . 10^{%d}  ", nb_elts-1);
249     }                                             202     }
250 }                                                 203 }
251                                                   204 
252                                                   205 
253 static void test_thread()                      !! 206 /* Result is the addition of 2 big integers */
                                                   >> 207 big_number_t bn_add (const big_number_t bn1, const big_number_t bn2)
254 {                                                 208 {
255   /* "static" variables because we want them t !! 209   big_number_t retval;
256      function returns */                       !! 210   const struct digit *d1, *d2;
257   static struct thr_arg arg_b, arg_c, arg_d, a !! 211   sos_bool_t  bn1_end = FALSE, bn2_end = FALSE;
258   sos_ui32_t flags;                            !! 212   char carry = 0;
259                                                !! 213 
260   sos_disable_IRQs(flags);                     !! 214   list_init(retval);
                                                   >> 215   d1 = list_get_tail(bn1);
                                                   >> 216   bn1_end = list_is_empty(bn1);
                                                   >> 217   d2 = list_get_tail(bn2);
                                                   >> 218   bn2_end = list_is_empty(bn2);
                                                   >> 219   do
                                                   >> 220     {
                                                   >> 221       if (! bn1_end)
                                                   >> 222         carry += d1->value;
                                                   >> 223       if (! bn2_end)
                                                   >> 224         carry += d2->value;
                                                   >> 225 
                                                   >> 226       bn_push_msd(&retval, carry % 10);
                                                   >> 227       carry  /= 10;
                                                   >> 228 
                                                   >> 229       if (! bn1_end)
                                                   >> 230         d1 = d1->prev;
                                                   >> 231       if (! bn2_end)
                                                   >> 232         d2 = d2->prev;
                                                   >> 233       if (d1 == list_get_tail(bn1))
                                                   >> 234         bn1_end = TRUE;
                                                   >> 235       if (d2 == list_get_tail(bn2))
                                                   >> 236         bn2_end = TRUE;
                                                   >> 237     }
                                                   >> 238   while (!bn1_end || !bn2_end);
261                                                   239 
262   arg_b = (struct thr_arg) { .character='b', . !! 240   if (carry > 0)
263   sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[b]", demo_threa !! 241     {
                                                   >> 242       bn_push_msd(&retval, carry);
                                                   >> 243     }
264                                                   244 
265   arg_c = (struct thr_arg) { .character='c', . !! 245   return retval;
266   sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[c]", demo_threa !! 246 }
267                                                   247 
268   arg_d = (struct thr_arg) { .character='d', . << 
269   sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[d]", demo_threa << 
270                                                   248 
271   arg_e = (struct thr_arg) { .character='e', . !! 249 /* Result is the multiplication of a big integer by a single digit */
272   sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[e]", demo_threa !! 250 big_number_t bn_muli (const big_number_t bn, char digit)
                                                   >> 251 {
                                                   >> 252   big_number_t retval;
                                                   >> 253   int nb_elts;
                                                   >> 254   char   carry = 0;
                                                   >> 255   const struct digit *d;
273                                                   256 
274   arg_R = (struct thr_arg) { .character='R', . !! 257   list_init(retval);
275   sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[R]", demo_threa !! 258   list_foreach_backward(bn, d, nb_elts)
                                                   >> 259     {
                                                   >> 260       carry += d->value * digit;
                                                   >> 261       bn_push_msd(&retval, carry % 10);
                                                   >> 262       carry /= 10;
                                                   >> 263     }
276                                                   264 
277   arg_S = (struct thr_arg) { .character='S', . !! 265   if (carry > 0)
278   sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[S]", demo_threa !! 266     {
                                                   >> 267       bn_push_msd(&retval, carry);
                                                   >> 268     }
279                                                   269 
280   sos_restore_IRQs(flags);                     !! 270   return retval;
281 }                                                 271 }
282                                                   272 
283                                                   273 
284 /* =========================================== !! 274 /* Result is the multiplication of 2 big integers */
285  * An operating system MUST always have a read !! 275 big_number_t bn_mult(const big_number_t bn1, const big_number_t bn2)
286  * what would the CPU have to execute ?!       << 
287  */                                            << 
288 static void idle_thread()                      << 
289 {                                                 276 {
290   sos_ui32_t idle_twiddle = 0;                 !! 277   int shift = 0;
                                                   >> 278   big_number_t retval;
                                                   >> 279   int nb_elts;
                                                   >> 280   struct digit *d;
291                                                   281 
292   while (1)                                    !! 282   list_init(retval);
                                                   >> 283   list_foreach_backward(bn2, d, nb_elts)
293     {                                             284     {
294       /* Remove this instruction if you get an !! 285       big_number_t retmult = bn_muli(bn1, d->value);
295          exception (old 80386 CPU) */          !! 286       big_number_t old_retval = retval;
296       asm("hlt\n");                            !! 287       bn_shift(& retmult, shift);
                                                   >> 288       retval = bn_add(old_retval, retmult);
                                                   >> 289       bn_del(& retmult);
                                                   >> 290       bn_del(& old_retval);
                                                   >> 291       shift ++;
                                                   >> 292     }
                                                   >> 293 
                                                   >> 294   return retval;
                                                   >> 295 }
297                                                   296 
298       idle_twiddle ++;                         !! 297 
299       display_bits(0, 0, SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_GREE !! 298 /* Result is the factorial of an integer */
300                    idle_twiddle);              !! 299 big_number_t bn_fact(unsigned long int v)
301                                                !! 300 {
302       /* Lend the CPU to some other thread */  !! 301   unsigned long int i;
303       sos_thread_yield();                      !! 302   big_number_t retval = bn_new(1);
                                                   >> 303   for (i = 1 ; i <= v ; i++)
                                                   >> 304     {
                                                   >> 305       big_number_t I   = bn_new(i);
                                                   >> 306       big_number_t tmp = bn_mult(retval, I);
                                                   >> 307       sos_x86_videomem_printf(4, 0,
                                                   >> 308                               SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE | SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN,
                                                   >> 309                               "%d! = ", (int)i);
                                                   >> 310       bn_print_console(4, 8, SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE | SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_WHITE,
                                                   >> 311                        tmp, 55);
                                                   >> 312       bn_del(& I);
                                                   >> 313       bn_del(& retval);
                                                   >> 314       retval = tmp;
304     }                                             315     }
                                                   >> 316 
                                                   >> 317   return retval;
305 }                                                 318 }
306                                                   319 
307                                                   320 
308 /* =========================================== !! 321 void bn_test()
309  * The C entry point of our operating system   !! 322 {
310  */                                            !! 323   big_number_t bn = bn_fact(1000);
                                                   >> 324   sos_bochs_printf("1000! = ");
                                                   >> 325   bn_print_bochs(bn);
                                                   >> 326   sos_bochs_printf("\n");
                                                   >> 327   
                                                   >> 328 }
                                                   >> 329 
                                                   >> 330 
                                                   >> 331 /* The C entry point of our operating system */
311 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned lo    332 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned long addr)
312 {                                                 333 {
313   unsigned i;                                     334   unsigned i;
314   sos_paddr_t sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, sos_    335   sos_paddr_t sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, sos_kernel_core_top_paddr;
315   struct sos_time tick_resolution;             << 
316                                                   336 
317   /* Grub sends us a structure, called multibo    337   /* Grub sends us a structure, called multiboot_info_t with a lot of
318      precious informations about the system, s    338      precious informations about the system, see the multiboot
319      documentation for more information. */       339      documentation for more information. */
320   multiboot_info_t *mbi;                          340   multiboot_info_t *mbi;
321   mbi = (multiboot_info_t *) addr;                341   mbi = (multiboot_info_t *) addr;
322                                                   342 
323   /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the co    343   /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the console */
324   sos_bochs_setup();                              344   sos_bochs_setup();
325                                                   345 
326   sos_x86_videomem_setup();                       346   sos_x86_videomem_setup();
327   sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE);    347   sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE);
328                                                   348 
329   /* Greetings from SOS */                        349   /* Greetings from SOS */
330   if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC)        350   if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC)
331     /* Loaded with Grub */                        351     /* Loaded with Grub */
332     sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0,                 352     sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0,
333                             SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_Y    353                             SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE,
334                             "Welcome From GRUB    354                             "Welcome From GRUB to %s%c RAM is %dMB (upper mem = 0x%x kB)",
335                             "SOS article 6.5", !! 355                             "SOS", ',',
336                             (unsigned)(mbi->me    356                             (unsigned)(mbi->mem_upper >> 10) + 1,
337                             (unsigned)mbi->mem    357                             (unsigned)mbi->mem_upper);
338   else                                            358   else
339     /* Not loaded with grub */                    359     /* Not loaded with grub */
340     sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0,                 360     sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0,
341                             SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_Y    361                             SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE,
342                             "Welcome to SOS ar !! 362                             "Welcome to SOS");
343                                                   363 
344   sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs: Thi !! 364   sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs\n");
345                                                   365 
346   /* Setup CPU segmentation and IRQ subsystem     366   /* Setup CPU segmentation and IRQ subsystem */
347   sos_gdt_subsystem_setup();                   !! 367   sos_gdt_setup();
348   sos_idt_subsystem_setup();                   !! 368   sos_idt_setup();
349                                                   369 
350   /* Setup SOS IRQs and exceptions subsystem *    370   /* Setup SOS IRQs and exceptions subsystem */
351   sos_exception_subsystem_setup();             !! 371   sos_exceptions_setup();
352   sos_irq_subsystem_setup();                   !! 372   sos_irq_setup();
353                                                   373 
354   /* Configure the timer so as to raise the IR    374   /* Configure the timer so as to raise the IRQ0 at a 100Hz rate */
355   sos_i8254_set_frequency(100);                   375   sos_i8254_set_frequency(100);
356                                                   376 
357   /* Setup the kernel time subsystem to get pr << 
358      ticks into account */                     << 
359   tick_resolution = (struct sos_time) { .sec=0 << 
360   sos_time_subsysem_setup(& tick_resolution);  << 
361                                                   377 
362   /* We need a multiboot-compliant boot loader    378   /* We need a multiboot-compliant boot loader to get the size of the RAM */
363   if (magic != MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC)        379   if (magic != MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC)
364     {                                             380     {
365       sos_x86_videomem_putstring(20, 0,           381       sos_x86_videomem_putstring(20, 0,
366                                  SOS_X86_VIDEO    382                                  SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTRED
367                                    | SOS_X86_V    383                                    | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE
368                                    | SOS_X86_V    384                                    | SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_BLINKING,
369                                  "I'm not load    385                                  "I'm not loaded with Grub !");
370       /* STOP ! */                                386       /* STOP ! */
371       for (;;)                                    387       for (;;)
372         continue;                                 388         continue;
373     }                                             389     }
374                                                   390 
375   /*                                           << 
376    * Some interrupt handlers                   << 
377    */                                          << 
378                                                << 
379   /* Binding some HW interrupts and exceptions    391   /* Binding some HW interrupts and exceptions to software routines */
380   sos_irq_set_routine(SOS_IRQ_TIMER,              392   sos_irq_set_routine(SOS_IRQ_TIMER,
381                       clk_it);                 !! 393                             clk_it);
382                                                !! 394   /* Enabling the HW interrupts here, this will make the timer HW
383   /*                                           !! 395      interrupt call our clk_it handler */
384    * Setup physical memory management          !! 396   asm volatile ("sti\n");
385    */                                          << 
386                                                << 
387   /* Multiboot says: "The value returned for u    397   /* Multiboot says: "The value returned for upper memory is maximally
388      the address of the first upper memory hol    398      the address of the first upper memory hole minus 1 megabyte.". It
389      also adds: "It is not guaranteed to be th    399      also adds: "It is not guaranteed to be this value." aka "YMMV" ;) */
390   sos_physmem_subsystem_setup((mbi->mem_upper< !! 400   sos_physmem_setup((mbi->mem_upper<<10) + (1<<20),
391                               & sos_kernel_cor !! 401                     & sos_kernel_core_base_paddr,
392                               & sos_kernel_cor !! 402                     & sos_kernel_core_top_paddr);
393                                                   403   
394   /*                                              404   /*
395    * Switch to paged-memory mode                  405    * Switch to paged-memory mode
396    */                                             406    */
397                                                   407 
398   /* Disabling interrupts should seem more cor    408   /* Disabling interrupts should seem more correct, but it's not really
399      necessary at this stage */                   409      necessary at this stage */
400   SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK ==                   !! 410   if (sos_paging_setup(sos_kernel_core_base_paddr,
401                    sos_paging_subsystem_setup( !! 411                        sos_kernel_core_top_paddr))
402                                                !! 412     sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup paged memory mode\n");
403                                                !! 413   sos_x86_videomem_printf(2, 0,
404   /* Bind the page fault exception */          !! 414                           SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE,
405   sos_exception_set_routine(SOS_EXCEPT_PAGE_FA !! 415                           "Paged-memory mode is activated");
406                             pgflt_ex);         << 
407                                                   416 
408   /*                                           << 
409    * Setup kernel virtual memory allocator     << 
410    */                                          << 
411                                                   417 
412   if (sos_kmem_vmm_subsystem_setup(sos_kernel_ !! 418   if (sos_kmem_vmm_setup(sos_kernel_core_base_paddr,
413                                    sos_kernel_ !! 419                          sos_kernel_core_top_paddr))
414                                    bootstrap_s << 
415                                    bootstrap_s << 
416                                    + bootstrap << 
417     sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kern    420     sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kernel virtual space allocator\n");
418                                                   421 
419   if (sos_kmalloc_subsystem_setup())           !! 422   if (sos_kmalloc_setup())
420     sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kmal    423     sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kmalloc subsystem\n");
421                                                   424 
422   /*                                           !! 425   /* Run some kmalloc tests */
423    * Initialize the Kernel thread and schedule !! 426   bn_test();
424    */                                          << 
425                                                << 
426   /* Initialize kernel thread subsystem */     << 
427   sos_thread_subsystem_setup(bootstrap_stack_b << 
428                              bootstrap_stack_s << 
429                                                << 
430   /* Initialize the scheduler */               << 
431   sos_sched_subsystem_setup();                 << 
432                                                << 
433   /* Declare the IDLE thread */                << 
434   SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_create_kernel_thread("i << 
435                                                << 
436   /* Enabling the HW interrupts here, this wil << 
437      interrupt call the scheduler */           << 
438   asm volatile ("sti\n");                      << 
439                                                << 
440                                                   427 
441   /* Now run some Kernel threads just for fun  !! 428   /* An operatig system never ends */
442   extern void MouseSim();                      !! 429   for (;;)
443   MouseSim();                                  !! 430     continue;
444   test_thread();                               << 
445                                                   431 
446   /*                                           !! 432   return;
447    * We can safely exit from this function now << 
448    * an idle Kernel thread ready to make the C << 
449    *                                           << 
450    * However, we must EXPLICITELY call sos_thr << 
451    * simple "return" will return nowhere ! Act << 
452    * was initialized by the Grub bootstrap sta << 
453    * word "thread" did not exist. This means t << 
454    * setup in order for a return here to call  << 
455    * automagically. Hence we must call it manu << 
456    * kernel thread where we must do this manua << 
457    */                                          << 
458   sos_bochs_printf("Bye from primary thread !\ << 
459   sos_thread_exit();                           << 
460   SOS_FATAL_ERROR("No trespassing !");         << 
461 }                                                 433 }
                                                      

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