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001 /* Copyright (C) 2004 The SOS Team 001 /* Copyright (C) 2004 The SOS Team >> 002 Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 002 003 003 This program is free software; you can redi 004 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 004 modify it under the terms of the GNU Genera 005 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License 005 as published by the Free Software Foundatio 006 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 006 of the License, or (at your option) any lat 007 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. 007 008 008 This program is distributed in the hope tha 009 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 009 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the 010 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 010 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 011 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 011 GNU General Public License for more details 012 GNU General Public License for more details. 012 013 013 You should have received a copy of the GNU 014 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 014 along with this program; if not, write to t 015 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 015 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 3 016 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, 016 USA. 017 USA. 017 */ 018 */ 018 019 019 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standa 020 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standard */ 020 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h> 021 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h> 021 #include <hwcore/idt.h> << 022 #include <hwcore/gdt.h> << 023 #include <hwcore/irq.h> << 024 #include <hwcore/exception.h> << 025 #include <hwcore/i8254.h> << 026 #include <sos/list.h> << 027 #include <sos/physmem.h> << 028 #include <hwcore/paging.h> << 029 #include <sos/kmem_vmm.h> << 030 #include <sos/kmalloc.h> << 031 #include <sos/time.h> << 032 #include <sos/thread.h> << 033 #include <sos/klibc.h> 022 #include <sos/klibc.h> 034 #include <sos/assert.h> 023 #include <sos/assert.h> 035 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h> 024 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h> 036 #include <drivers/bochs.h> 025 #include <drivers/bochs.h> 037 026 038 027 039 /* Helper function to display each bits of a 3 << 040 screen as dark or light carrets */ << 041 void display_bits(unsigned char row, unsigned << 042 unsigned char attribute, << 043 sos_ui32_t integer) << 044 { << 045 int i; << 046 /* Scan each bit of the integer, MSb first * << 047 for (i = 31 ; i >= 0 ; i--) << 048 { << 049 /* Test if bit i of 'integer' is set */ << 050 int bit_i = (integer & (1 << i)); << 051 /* Ascii 219 => dark carret, Ascii 177 = << 052 unsigned char ascii_code = bit_i?219:177 << 053 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(row, col++, << 054 attribute, << 055 ascii_code); << 056 } << 057 } << 058 << 059 << 060 /* Clock IRQ handler */ << 061 static void clk_it(int intid) << 062 { << 063 static sos_ui32_t clock_count = 0; << 064 << 065 display_bits(0, 48, << 066 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN | SOS_ << 067 clock_count); << 068 clock_count++; << 069 << 070 /* Execute the expired timeout actions (if a << 071 sos_time_do_tick(); << 072 } << 073 << 074 << 075 /* =========================================== << 076 * Page fault exception handling << 077 */ << 078 << 079 /* Helper function to dump a backtrace on boch << 080 static void dump_backtrace(const struct sos_cp << 081 sos_vaddr_t stack_b << 082 sos_size_t stack_s << 083 sos_bool_t on_conso << 084 sos_bool_t on_bochs << 085 { << 086 static void backtracer(sos_vaddr_t PC, << 087 sos_vaddr_t params, << 088 sos_ui32_t depth, << 089 void *custom_arg) << 090 { << 091 sos_ui32_t invalid = 0xffffffff, *arg1, << 092 << 093 /* Get the address of the first 3 argume << 094 frame. Among these arguments, 0, 1, 2 << 095 meaningful (depending on how many arg << 096 take). */ << 097 arg1 = (sos_ui32_t*)params; << 098 arg2 = (sos_ui32_t*)(params+4); << 099 arg3 = (sos_ui32_t*)(params+8); << 100 arg4 = (sos_ui32_t*)(params+12); << 101 << 102 /* Make sure the addresses of these argu << 103 stack boundaries */ << 104 #define INTERVAL_OK(b,v,u) ( ((b) <= (sos_vadd << 105 && ((sos_vaddr_t) << 106 if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg1, sta << 107 arg1 = &invalid; << 108 if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg2, sta << 109 arg2 = &invalid; << 110 if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg3, sta << 111 arg3 = &invalid; << 112 if (!INTERVAL_OK(stack_bottom, arg4, sta << 113 arg4 = &invalid; << 114 << 115 /* Print the function context for this f << 116 if (on_bochs) << 117 sos_bochs_printf("[%d] PC=0x%x arg1=0x << 118 (unsigned)depth, (uns << 119 (unsigned)*arg1, (uns << 120 (unsigned)*arg3); << 121 << 122 if (on_console) << 123 sos_x86_videomem_printf(23-depth, 3, << 124 SOS_X86_VIDEO_ << 125 | SOS_X86_VI << 126 "[%d] PC=0x%x << 127 (unsigned)dept << 128 (unsigned)*arg << 129 (unsigned)*arg << 130 << 131 } << 132 << 133 sos_backtrace(cpu_state, 15, stack_bottom, s << 134 } << 135 << 136 << 137 /* Page fault exception handler with demand pa << 138 static void pgflt_ex(int intid, const struct s << 139 { << 140 static sos_ui32_t demand_paging_count = 0; << 141 sos_vaddr_t faulting_vaddr = sos_cpu_context << 142 sos_paddr_t ppage_paddr; << 143 << 144 /* Check if address is covered by any VMM ra << 145 if (! sos_kmem_vmm_is_valid_vaddr(faulting_v << 146 { << 147 /* No: The page fault is out of any kern << 148 the moment, we don't handle this. */ << 149 dump_backtrace(ctxt, << 150 bootstrap_stack_bottom, << 151 bootstrap_stack_size, << 152 TRUE, TRUE); << 153 sos_display_fatal_error("Unresolved page << 154 sos_cpu_context_ << 155 (unsigned)faulti << 156 (unsigned)sos_cp << 157 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(! "Got page fault (note << 158 } << 159 << 160 << 161 /* << 162 * Demand paging << 163 */ << 164 << 165 /* Update the number of demand paging reques << 166 demand_paging_count ++; << 167 display_bits(0, 0, << 168 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTRED | SOS_X8 << 169 demand_paging_count); << 170 << 171 /* Allocate a new page for the virtual addre << 172 ppage_paddr = sos_physmem_ref_physpage_new(F << 173 if (! ppage_paddr) << 174 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(! "TODO: implement swap. << 175 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_paging_map(pp << 176 SO << 177 FA << 178 SO << 179 | << 180 | << 181 sos_physmem_unref_physpage(ppage_paddr); << 182 << 183 /* Ok, we can now return to interrupted cont << 184 } << 185 << 186 << 187 /* =========================================== << 188 * Demonstrate the use of SOS kernel threads << 189 * - Kernel Threads are created with various << 190 * state is printed on both the console and << 191 * - For tests regarding threads' synchroniza << 192 */ << 193 << 194 struct thr_arg << 195 { << 196 char character; << 197 int color; << 198 << 199 int col; << 200 int row; << 201 }; << 202 << 203 << 204 static void demo_thread(void *arg) << 205 { << 206 struct thr_arg *thr_arg = (struct thr_arg*)a << 207 int progress = 0; << 208 << 209 sos_bochs_printf("start %c", thr_arg->charac << 210 while (1) << 211 { << 212 progress ++; << 213 display_bits(thr_arg->row, thr_arg->col+ << 214 << 215 sos_bochs_putchar(thr_arg->character); << 216 << 217 /* Yield the CPU to another thread somet << 218 if ((random() % 100) == 0) << 219 { << 220 sos_bochs_printf("[37myield(%c)[m\ << 221 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 222 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_threa << 223 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 224 } << 225 << 226 /* Go to sleep some other times... */ << 227 else if ((random() % 200) == 0) << 228 { << 229 struct sos_time t = (struct sos_time << 230 sos_bochs_printf("[37msleep1(%c)[m << 231 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 232 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_threa << 233 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_time_is_zero(& << 234 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 235 } << 236 << 237 /* Go to sleep for a longer time some ot << 238 else if ((random() % 300) == 0) << 239 { << 240 struct sos_time t = (struct sos_time << 241 sos_bochs_printf("[37msleep2(%c)[m << 242 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 243 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_threa << 244 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_time_is_zero(& << 245 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(thr_arg->ro << 246 } << 247 << 248 /* Infinite loop otherwise */ << 249 } << 250 } << 251 028 252 !! 029 /* The C entry point of our operating system */ 253 static void test_thread() << 254 { << 255 /* "static" variables because we want them t << 256 function returns */ << 257 static struct thr_arg arg_b, arg_c, arg_d, a << 258 sos_ui32_t flags; << 259 << 260 sos_disable_IRQs(flags); << 261 << 262 arg_b = (struct thr_arg) { .character='b', . << 263 sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[b]", demo_threa << 264 << 265 arg_c = (struct thr_arg) { .character='c', . << 266 sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[c]", demo_threa << 267 << 268 arg_d = (struct thr_arg) { .character='d', . << 269 sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[d]", demo_threa << 270 << 271 arg_e = (struct thr_arg) { .character='e', . << 272 sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[e]", demo_threa << 273 << 274 arg_R = (struct thr_arg) { .character='R', . << 275 sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[R]", demo_threa << 276 << 277 arg_S = (struct thr_arg) { .character='S', . << 278 sos_create_kernel_thread("YO[S]", demo_threa << 279 << 280 sos_restore_IRQs(flags); << 281 } << 282 << 283 << 284 /* =========================================== << 285 * An operating system MUST always have a read << 286 * what would the CPU have to execute ?! << 287 */ << 288 static void idle_thread() << 289 { << 290 sos_ui32_t idle_twiddle = 0; << 291 << 292 while (1) << 293 { << 294 /* Remove this instruction if you get an << 295 exception (old 80386 CPU) */ << 296 asm("hlt\n"); << 297 << 298 idle_twiddle ++; << 299 display_bits(0, 0, SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_GREE << 300 idle_twiddle); << 301 << 302 /* Lend the CPU to some other thread */ << 303 sos_thread_yield(); << 304 } << 305 } << 306 << 307 << 308 /* =========================================== << 309 * The C entry point of our operating system << 310 */ << 311 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned lo 030 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned long addr) 312 { 031 { 313 unsigned i; 032 unsigned i; 314 sos_paddr_t sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, sos_ << 315 struct sos_time tick_resolution; << 316 033 317 /* Grub sends us a structure, called multibo 034 /* Grub sends us a structure, called multiboot_info_t with a lot of 318 precious informations about the system, s 035 precious informations about the system, see the multiboot 319 documentation for more information. */ 036 documentation for more information. */ 320 multiboot_info_t *mbi; 037 multiboot_info_t *mbi; 321 mbi = (multiboot_info_t *) addr; 038 mbi = (multiboot_info_t *) addr; 322 039 323 /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the co 040 /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the console */ 324 sos_bochs_setup(); 041 sos_bochs_setup(); 325 042 326 sos_x86_videomem_setup(); 043 sos_x86_videomem_setup(); 327 sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE); 044 sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE); 328 045 329 /* Greetings from SOS */ 046 /* Greetings from SOS */ 330 if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) 047 if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) 331 /* Loaded with Grub */ 048 /* Loaded with Grub */ 332 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 049 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 333 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_Y 050 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 334 "Welcome From GRUB 051 "Welcome From GRUB to %s%c RAM is %dMB (upper mem = 0x%x kB)", 335 "SOS article 6.5", !! 052 "SOS", ',', 336 (unsigned)(mbi->me 053 (unsigned)(mbi->mem_upper >> 10) + 1, 337 (unsigned)mbi->mem 054 (unsigned)mbi->mem_upper); 338 else 055 else 339 /* Not loaded with grub */ 056 /* Not loaded with grub */ 340 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 057 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 341 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_Y 058 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 342 "Welcome to SOS ar !! 059 "Welcome to SOS"); >> 060 >> 061 sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs\n"); >> 062 343 063 344 sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs: Thi !! 064 /* An operatig system never ends */ >> 065 for (;;) >> 066 continue; 345 067 346 /* Setup CPU segmentation and IRQ subsystem !! 068 return; 347 sos_gdt_subsystem_setup(); << 348 sos_idt_subsystem_setup(); << 349 << 350 /* Setup SOS IRQs and exceptions subsystem * << 351 sos_exception_subsystem_setup(); << 352 sos_irq_subsystem_setup(); << 353 << 354 /* Configure the timer so as to raise the IR << 355 sos_i8254_set_frequency(100); << 356 << 357 /* Setup the kernel time subsystem to get pr << 358 ticks into account */ << 359 tick_resolution = (struct sos_time) { .sec=0 << 360 sos_time_subsysem_setup(& tick_resolution); << 361 << 362 /* We need a multiboot-compliant boot loader << 363 if (magic != MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) << 364 { << 365 sos_x86_videomem_putstring(20, 0, << 366 SOS_X86_VIDEO << 367 | SOS_X86_V << 368 | SOS_X86_V << 369 "I'm not load << 370 /* STOP ! */ << 371 for (;;) << 372 continue; << 373 } << 374 << 375 /* << 376 * Some interrupt handlers << 377 */ << 378 << 379 /* Binding some HW interrupts and exceptions << 380 sos_irq_set_routine(SOS_IRQ_TIMER, << 381 clk_it); << 382 << 383 /* << 384 * Setup physical memory management << 385 */ << 386 << 387 /* Multiboot says: "The value returned for u << 388 the address of the first upper memory hol << 389 also adds: "It is not guaranteed to be th << 390 sos_physmem_subsystem_setup((mbi->mem_upper< << 391 & sos_kernel_cor << 392 & sos_kernel_cor << 393 << 394 /* << 395 * Switch to paged-memory mode << 396 */ << 397 << 398 /* Disabling interrupts should seem more cor << 399 necessary at this stage */ << 400 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == << 401 sos_paging_subsystem_setup( << 402 << 403 << 404 /* Bind the page fault exception */ << 405 sos_exception_set_routine(SOS_EXCEPT_PAGE_FA << 406 pgflt_ex); << 407 << 408 /* << 409 * Setup kernel virtual memory allocator << 410 */ << 411 << 412 if (sos_kmem_vmm_subsystem_setup(sos_kernel_ << 413 sos_kernel_ << 414 bootstrap_s << 415 bootstrap_s << 416 + bootstrap << 417 sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kern << 418 << 419 if (sos_kmalloc_subsystem_setup()) << 420 sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kmal << 421 << 422 /* << 423 * Initialize the Kernel thread and schedule << 424 */ << 425 << 426 /* Initialize kernel thread subsystem */ << 427 sos_thread_subsystem_setup(bootstrap_stack_b << 428 bootstrap_stack_s << 429 << 430 /* Initialize the scheduler */ << 431 sos_sched_subsystem_setup(); << 432 << 433 /* Declare the IDLE thread */ << 434 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_create_kernel_thread("i << 435 << 436 /* Enabling the HW interrupts here, this wil << 437 interrupt call the scheduler */ << 438 asm volatile ("sti\n"); << 439 << 440 << 441 /* Now run some Kernel threads just for fun << 442 extern void MouseSim(); << 443 MouseSim(); << 444 test_thread(); << 445 << 446 /* << 447 * We can safely exit from this function now << 448 * an idle Kernel thread ready to make the C << 449 * << 450 * However, we must EXPLICITELY call sos_thr << 451 * simple "return" will return nowhere ! Act << 452 * was initialized by the Grub bootstrap sta << 453 * word "thread" did not exist. This means t << 454 * setup in order for a return here to call << 455 * automagically. Hence we must call it manu << 456 * kernel thread where we must do this manua << 457 */ << 458 sos_bochs_printf("Bye from primary thread !\ << 459 sos_thread_exit(); << 460 SOS_FATAL_ERROR("No trespassing !"); << 461 } 069 }
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