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001 /* Copyright (C) 2004 The SOS Team 001 /* Copyright (C) 2004 The SOS Team >> 002 Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 002 003 003 This program is free software; you can redi 004 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 004 modify it under the terms of the GNU Genera 005 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License 005 as published by the Free Software Foundatio 006 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 006 of the License, or (at your option) any lat 007 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. 007 008 008 This program is distributed in the hope tha 009 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 009 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the 010 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 010 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 011 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 011 GNU General Public License for more details 012 GNU General Public License for more details. 012 013 013 You should have received a copy of the GNU 014 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 014 along with this program; if not, write to t 015 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 015 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 3 016 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, 016 USA. 017 USA. 017 */ 018 */ 018 019 019 #include <sos/errno.h> << 020 << 021 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standa 020 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standard */ 022 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h> 021 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h> 023 #include <hwcore/idt.h> << 024 #include <hwcore/gdt.h> << 025 #include <hwcore/irq.h> << 026 #include <hwcore/exception.h> << 027 #include <hwcore/i8254.h> << 028 #include <sos/list.h> << 029 #include <sos/physmem.h> << 030 #include <hwcore/paging.h> << 031 #include <hwcore/mm_context.h> << 032 #include <hwcore/swintr.h> << 033 #include <sos/kmem_vmm.h> << 034 #include <sos/kmalloc.h> << 035 #include <sos/time.h> << 036 #include <sos/thread.h> << 037 #include <sos/process.h> << 038 #include <sos/umem_vmm.h> << 039 #include <sos/klibc.h> 022 #include <sos/klibc.h> 040 #include <sos/assert.h> 023 #include <sos/assert.h> 041 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h> 024 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h> 042 #include <drivers/bochs.h> 025 #include <drivers/bochs.h> 043 #include <sos/calcload.h> << 044 #include <sos/umem_vmm.h> << 045 #include <sos/binfmt_elf32.h> << 046 #include <drivers/zero.h> << 047 #include <sos/fs.h> << 048 #include <drivers/fs_virtfs.h> << 049 << 050 /* Helper function to display each bits of a 3 << 051 screen as dark or light carrets */ << 052 void display_bits(unsigned char row, unsigned << 053 unsigned char attribute, << 054 sos_ui32_t integer) << 055 { << 056 int i; << 057 /* Scan each bit of the integer, MSb first * << 058 for (i = 31 ; i >= 0 ; i--) << 059 { << 060 /* Test if bit i of 'integer' is set */ << 061 int bit_i = (integer & (1 << i)); << 062 /* Ascii 219 => dark carret, Ascii 177 = << 063 unsigned char ascii_code = bit_i?219:177 << 064 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(row, col++, << 065 attribute, << 066 ascii_code); << 067 } << 068 } << 069 << 070 /* Clock IRQ handler */ << 071 static void clk_it(int intid) << 072 { << 073 static sos_ui32_t clock_count = 0; << 074 << 075 display_bits(0, 48, << 076 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN | SOS_ << 077 clock_count); << 078 clock_count++; << 079 026 080 /* Execute the expired timeout actions (if a << 081 sos_time_do_tick(); << 082 027 083 /* Update scheduler statistics and status */ << 084 sos_sched_do_timer_tick(); << 085 } << 086 028 087 !! 029 /* The C entry point of our operating system */ 088 /* =========================================== !! 030 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned long addr) 089 * Page fault exception handling << 090 */ << 091 << 092 << 093 /* Page fault exception handler with demand pa << 094 static void pgflt_ex(int intid, struct sos_cpu << 095 { << 096 static sos_ui32_t demand_paging_count = 0; << 097 struct sos_thread * cur_thr = sos_thread_get << 098 sos_vaddr_t faulting_vaddr = sos_cpu_contex << 099 sos_paddr_t ppage_paddr; << 100 << 101 if (sos_cpu_context_is_in_user_mode(ctxt) << 102 || (cur_thr->fixup_uaccess.return_vaddr) << 103 { << 104 __label__ unforce_address_space; << 105 sos_bool_t need_to_setup_mmu; << 106 sos_ui32_t errcode = sos_cpu_context_get << 107 << 108 /* Make sure to always stay in the inter << 109 configuration */ << 110 need_to_setup_mmu = (cur_thr->squatted_m << 111 != sos_process_get_ << 112 if (need_to_setup_mmu) << 113 sos_thread_prepare_user_space_access(N << 114 << 115 if (SOS_OK == << 116 sos_umem_vmm_try_resolve_page_fault( << 117 << 118 << 119 goto unforce_address_space; << 120 << 121 /* If the page fault occured in kernel m << 122 the fixup address */ << 123 if (! sos_cpu_context_is_in_user_mode(ct << 124 { << 125 cur_thr->fixup_uaccess.faulted_uaddr << 126 sos_cpu_context_set_EX_return_addres << 127 << 128 goto unforce_address_space; << 129 } << 130 << 131 if (need_to_setup_mmu) << 132 sos_thread_end_user_space_access(); << 133 << 134 sos_bochs_printf("Unresolved USER page F << 135 sos_cpu_context_get_PC( << 136 (unsigned)faulting_vadd << 137 (unsigned)sos_cpu_conte << 138 sos_bochs_printf("Terminating User threa << 139 sos_thread_exit(); << 140 << 141 unforce_address_space: << 142 if (need_to_setup_mmu) << 143 sos_thread_end_user_space_access(); << 144 return; << 145 } << 146 << 147 /* Check if address is covered by any VMM ra << 148 if (! sos_kmem_vmm_is_valid_vaddr(faulting_v << 149 { << 150 /* No: The page fault is out of any kern << 151 the moment, we don't handle this. */ << 152 sos_display_fatal_error("Unresolved page << 153 sos_cpu_context_ << 154 (unsigned)faulti << 155 (unsigned)sos_cp << 156 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(! "Got page fault (note << 157 } << 158 << 159 << 160 /* << 161 * Demand paging in kernel space << 162 */ << 163 << 164 /* Update the number of demand paging reques << 165 demand_paging_count ++; << 166 display_bits(0, 0, << 167 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTRED | SOS_X8 << 168 demand_paging_count); << 169 << 170 /* Allocate a new page for the virtual addre << 171 ppage_paddr = sos_physmem_ref_physpage_new(F << 172 if (! ppage_paddr) << 173 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(! "TODO: implement swap. << 174 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_paging_map(pp << 175 SO << 176 FA << 177 SO << 178 | << 179 | << 180 sos_physmem_unref_physpage(ppage_paddr); << 181 << 182 /* Ok, we can now return to interrupted cont << 183 } << 184 << 185 << 186 << 187 /* =========================================== << 188 * An operating system MUST always have a read << 189 * what would the CPU have to execute ?! << 190 */ << 191 static void idle_thread() << 192 { << 193 sos_ui32_t idle_twiddle = 0; << 194 << 195 while (1) << 196 { << 197 /* Remove this instruction if you get an << 198 exception (old 80386 CPU) */ << 199 asm("hlt\n"); << 200 << 201 idle_twiddle ++; << 202 display_bits(0, 0, SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_GREE << 203 idle_twiddle); << 204 << 205 /* Lend the CPU to some other thread */ << 206 sos_thread_yield(); << 207 } << 208 } << 209 << 210 << 211 /* =========================================== << 212 * Kernel thread showing some CPU usage statis << 213 */ << 214 static void stat_thread() << 215 { << 216 while (1) << 217 { << 218 sos_ui32_t flags; << 219 sos_ui32_t load1, load5, load15; << 220 char str1[11], str5[11], str15[11]; << 221 struct sos_time t; << 222 t.sec = 1; << 223 t.nanosec = 0; << 224 << 225 sos_thread_sleep(& t); << 226 << 227 sos_disable_IRQs(flags); << 228 << 229 /* The IDLE task is EXcluded in the foll << 230 sos_load_get_sload(&load1, &load5, &load << 231 sos_load_to_string(str1, load1); << 232 sos_load_to_string(str5, load5); << 233 sos_load_to_string(str15, load15); << 234 sos_x86_videomem_printf(16, 34, << 235 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG << 236 "Kernel (- Idle) << 237 str1, str5, str1 << 238 << 239 sos_load_get_uload(&load1, &load5, &load << 240 sos_load_to_string(str1, load1); << 241 sos_load_to_string(str5, load5); << 242 sos_load_to_string(str15, load15); << 243 sos_x86_videomem_printf(17, 34, << 244 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG << 245 "User: %s %s %s << 246 str1, str5, str1 << 247 << 248 sos_load_get_uratio(&load1, &load5, &loa << 249 sos_load_to_string(str1, load1); << 250 sos_load_to_string(str5, load5); << 251 sos_load_to_string(str15, load15); << 252 sos_x86_videomem_printf(18, 34, << 253 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG << 254 "User CPU %%: %s << 255 str1, str5, str1 << 256 << 257 /* The IDLE task is INcluded in the foll << 258 sos_load_get_sratio(&load1, &load5, &loa << 259 sos_load_to_string(str1, load1); << 260 sos_load_to_string(str5, load5); << 261 sos_load_to_string(str15, load15); << 262 sos_x86_videomem_printf(19, 34, << 263 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG << 264 "Kernel CPU %% ( << 265 str1, str5, str1 << 266 sos_restore_IRQs(flags); << 267 } << 268 } << 269 << 270 << 271 /* =========================================== << 272 * Start the "init" (userland) process << 273 */ << 274 static sos_ret_t << 275 start_init(struct sos_fs_manager_instance * ro << 276 { << 277 sos_ret_t retval; << 278 struct sos_umem_vmm_as *as_init; << 279 struct sos_process *proc_init; << 280 struct sos_thread *new_thr; << 281 sos_uaddr_t ustack, start_uaddr; << 282 struct sos_fs_opened_file * init_root, * ini << 283 << 284 /* Create the new process */ << 285 proc_init = sos_process_create("init", FALSE << 286 if (! proc_init) << 287 return -SOS_ENOMEM; << 288 as_init = sos_process_get_address_space(proc << 289 << 290 << 291 /* << 292 * Setup the root and CWD directories of the << 293 * this process will correspond to the "glob << 294 * system since all the future processes wil << 295 */ << 296 retval = sos_fs_new_opened_file(proc_init, r << 297 SOS_FS_OPEN_ << 298 & init_root) << 299 if (SOS_OK != retval) << 300 { << 301 sos_process_unref(proc_init); << 302 return -SOS_ENOENT; << 303 } << 304 << 305 /* Duplicate the root file to set the curren << 306 the init process */ << 307 retval = sos_fs_duplicate_opened_file(init_r << 308 & init << 309 if (SOS_OK != retval) << 310 { << 311 sos_fs_close(init_root); << 312 sos_process_unref(proc_init); << 313 return -SOS_ENOENT; << 314 } << 315 << 316 /* Now update the process ! */ << 317 if ( ( SOS_OK != sos_process_chroot(proc_ini << 318 || ( SOS_OK != sos_process_chdir(proc_i << 319 { << 320 sos_fs_close(init_root); << 321 sos_fs_close(init_cwd); << 322 sos_process_chroot(proc_init, NULL, & un << 323 sos_process_chdir(proc_init, NULL, & unu << 324 sos_process_unref(proc_init); << 325 return -SOS_ENOENT; << 326 } << 327 << 328 /* Map the 'init' program in user space */ << 329 start_uaddr = sos_binfmt_elf32_map(as_init, << 330 if (0 == start_uaddr) << 331 { << 332 sos_process_unref(proc_init); << 333 return -SOS_ENOENT; << 334 } << 335 << 336 /* Allocate the user stack */ << 337 ustack = (SOS_PAGING_TOP_USER_ADDRESS - SOS_ << 338 retval = sos_dev_zero_map(as_init, &ustack, << 339 SOS_VM_MAP_PROT_RE << 340 /* PRIVATE */ 0); << 341 if (SOS_OK != retval) << 342 { << 343 sos_process_unref(proc_init); << 344 return -SOS_ENOMEM; << 345 } << 346 << 347 /* Now create the user thread */ << 348 new_thr = sos_create_user_thread(NULL, << 349 proc_init, << 350 start_uaddr << 351 0, 0, << 352 ustack + SO << 353 SOS_SCHED_P << 354 if (! new_thr) << 355 { << 356 sos_process_unref(proc_init); << 357 return -SOS_ENOMEM; << 358 } << 359 << 360 sos_process_unref(proc_init); << 361 return SOS_OK; << 362 } << 363 << 364 << 365 /* =========================================== << 366 * The C entry point of our operating system << 367 */ << 368 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned lo << 369 { 031 { 370 unsigned i; 032 unsigned i; 371 sos_paddr_t sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, sos_ << 372 struct sos_time tick_resolution; << 373 struct sos_fs_manager_instance * rootfs; << 374 033 375 /* Size of RAM above 1MB. Might be undefined !! 034 /* Grub sends us a structure, called multiboot_info_t with a lot of 376 unsigned long int upper_mem = 0; !! 035 precious informations about the system, see the multiboot >> 036 documentation for more information. */ >> 037 multiboot_info_t *mbi; >> 038 mbi = (multiboot_info_t *) addr; 377 039 378 /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the co 040 /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the console */ 379 sos_bochs_setup(); 041 sos_bochs_setup(); 380 042 381 sos_x86_videomem_setup(); 043 sos_x86_videomem_setup(); 382 sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE); 044 sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE); 383 045 384 /* Greetings from SOS */ 046 /* Greetings from SOS */ 385 if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) 047 if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) 386 { !! 048 /* Loaded with Grub */ 387 /* Grub sends us a structure, called mul !! 049 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 388 precious informations about the syste !! 050 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 389 documentation for more information. * !! 051 "Welcome From GRUB to %s%c RAM is %dMB (upper mem = 0x%x kB)", 390 multiboot_info_t *mbi = (multiboot_info_ !! 052 "SOS", ',', 391 !! 053 (unsigned)(mbi->mem_upper >> 10) + 1, 392 /* Multiboot says: "The value returned f !! 054 (unsigned)mbi->mem_upper); 393 maximally the address of the first up << 394 megabyte.". It also adds: "It is not << 395 value." aka "YMMV" ;) */ << 396 upper_mem = mbi->mem_upper; << 397 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, << 398 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG << 399 "Welcome From GR << 400 "SOS article 8", << 401 (unsigned)(upper << 402 (unsigned)upper_ << 403 } << 404 else if (magic == 0x42244224) << 405 { << 406 /* Loaded with SOS bootsect */ << 407 upper_mem = arg; << 408 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, << 409 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG << 410 "Welcome to %s%c << 411 "SOS article 8", << 412 (unsigned)(upper << 413 (unsigned)upper_ << 414 } << 415 else 055 else 416 /* Not loaded with grub, not from an enhan !! 056 /* Not loaded with grub */ 417 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 057 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 418 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_Y 058 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 419 "Welcome to SOS ar !! 059 "Welcome to SOS"); >> 060 >> 061 sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs\n"); >> 062 420 063 421 sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs: Thi !! 064 /* An operatig system never ends */ >> 065 for (;;) >> 066 continue; 422 067 423 /* Setup CPU segmentation and IRQ subsystem !! 068 return; 424 sos_gdt_subsystem_setup(); << 425 sos_idt_subsystem_setup(); << 426 << 427 /* Setup SOS IRQs and exceptions subsystem * << 428 sos_exception_subsystem_setup(); << 429 sos_irq_subsystem_setup(); << 430 << 431 /* Configure the timer so as to raise the IR << 432 sos_i8254_set_frequency(100); << 433 << 434 /* Setup the kernel time subsystem to get pr << 435 ticks into account */ << 436 tick_resolution = (struct sos_time) { .sec=0 << 437 sos_time_subsysem_setup(& tick_resolution); << 438 << 439 /* We need to know the RAM size */ << 440 if (upper_mem == 0) << 441 { << 442 sos_x86_videomem_putstring(20, 0, << 443 SOS_X86_VIDEO << 444 | SOS_X86_V << 445 | SOS_X86_V << 446 "I don't know << 447 /* STOP ! */ << 448 for (;;) << 449 continue; << 450 } << 451 << 452 /* << 453 * Some interrupt handlers << 454 */ << 455 << 456 /* Binding some HW interrupts and exceptions << 457 sos_irq_set_routine(SOS_IRQ_TIMER, << 458 clk_it); << 459 << 460 /* << 461 * Setup physical memory management << 462 */ << 463 << 464 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK << 465 == sos_physmem_subsystem_se << 466 << 467 << 468 << 469 /* << 470 * Switch to paged-memory mode << 471 */ << 472 << 473 /* Disabling interrupts should seem more cor << 474 necessary at this stage */ << 475 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == << 476 sos_paging_subsystem_setup( << 477 << 478 << 479 /* Bind the page fault exception */ << 480 sos_exception_set_routine(SOS_EXCEPT_PAGE_FA << 481 pgflt_ex); << 482 << 483 /* << 484 * Setup kernel virtual memory allocator << 485 */ << 486 << 487 if (sos_kmem_vmm_subsystem_setup(sos_kernel_ << 488 sos_kernel_ << 489 bootstrap_s << 490 bootstrap_s << 491 + bootstrap << 492 sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kern << 493 << 494 if (sos_kmalloc_subsystem_setup()) << 495 sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kmal << 496 << 497 /* << 498 * Initialize the MMU context subsystem << 499 */ << 500 sos_mm_context_subsystem_setup(); << 501 << 502 /* << 503 * Initialize the CPU context subsystem << 504 */ << 505 sos_cpu_context_subsystem_setup(); << 506 << 507 /* << 508 * Bind the syscall handler to its software << 509 */ << 510 sos_swintr_subsystem_setup(); << 511 << 512 << 513 /* << 514 * Initialize the Kernel thread and schedule << 515 */ << 516 << 517 /* Initialize kernel thread subsystem */ << 518 sos_thread_subsystem_setup(bootstrap_stack_b << 519 bootstrap_stack_s << 520 << 521 /* Initialize the scheduler */ << 522 sos_sched_subsystem_setup(); << 523 << 524 /* Declare the IDLE thread */ << 525 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_create_kernel_thread("i << 526 SO << 527 << 528 /* Prepare the stats subsystem */ << 529 sos_load_subsystem_setup(); << 530 << 531 /* Declare a thread that prints some stats * << 532 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(sos_create_kernel_thread("s << 533 NU << 534 SO << 535 << 536 << 537 /* << 538 * Initialise user address space management << 539 */ << 540 sos_umem_vmm_subsystem_setup(); << 541 sos_dev_zero_subsystem_setup(); << 542 << 543 /* << 544 * Initialize process stuff << 545 */ << 546 sos_process_subsystem_setup(); << 547 << 548 << 549 /* Enabling the HW interrupts here, this wil << 550 interrupt call the scheduler */ << 551 asm volatile ("sti\n"); << 552 << 553 << 554 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_fs_virtfs_sub << 555 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(SOS_OK == sos_fs_subsystem_ << 556 << 557 << 558 << 559 << 560 << 561 /* Start the 'init' process, which in turns << 562 programs */ << 563 start_init(rootfs); << 564 /* << 565 * We can safely exit from this function now << 566 * an idle Kernel thread ready to make the C << 567 * << 568 * However, we must EXPLICITELY call sos_thr << 569 * simple "return" will return nowhere ! Act << 570 * was initialized by the Grub bootstrap sta << 571 * word "thread" did not exist. This means t << 572 * setup in order for a return here to call << 573 * automagically. Hence we must call it manu << 574 * kernel thread where we must do this manua << 575 */ << 576 sos_bochs_printf("Bye from primary thread !\ << 577 sos_thread_exit(); << 578 SOS_FATAL_ERROR("No trespassing !"); << 579 } 069 }
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