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001 /* Copyright (C) 2004 The SOS Team 001 /* Copyright (C) 2004 The SOS Team 002 Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundatio 002 Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 003 003 004 This program is free software; you can redi 004 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 005 modify it under the terms of the GNU Genera 005 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License 006 as published by the Free Software Foundatio 006 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 007 of the License, or (at your option) any lat 007 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. 008 008 009 This program is distributed in the hope tha 009 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 010 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the 010 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 011 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 011 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 012 GNU General Public License for more details 012 GNU General Public License for more details. 013 013 014 You should have received a copy of the GNU 014 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 015 along with this program; if not, write to t 015 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 016 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 3 016 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, 017 USA. 017 USA. 018 */ 018 */ 019 019 020 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standa 020 /* Include definitions of the multiboot standard */ 021 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h> 021 #include <bootstrap/multiboot.h> 022 #include <hwcore/idt.h> 022 #include <hwcore/idt.h> 023 #include <hwcore/gdt.h> 023 #include <hwcore/gdt.h> 024 #include <hwcore/irq.h> 024 #include <hwcore/irq.h> 025 #include <hwcore/exception.h> 025 #include <hwcore/exception.h> 026 #include <hwcore/i8254.h> 026 #include <hwcore/i8254.h> >> 027 #include <sos/list.h> >> 028 #include <sos/physmem.h> >> 029 #include <hwcore/paging.h> >> 030 #include <sos/kmem_vmm.h> >> 031 #include <sos/kmalloc.h> 027 #include <sos/klibc.h> 032 #include <sos/klibc.h> 028 #include <sos/assert.h> 033 #include <sos/assert.h> 029 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h> 034 #include <drivers/x86_videomem.h> 030 #include <drivers/bochs.h> 035 #include <drivers/bochs.h> 031 036 032 037 033 /* Helper function to display each bits of a 3 038 /* Helper function to display each bits of a 32bits integer on the 034 screen as dark or light carrets */ 039 screen as dark or light carrets */ 035 static void display_bits(unsigned char row, un 040 static void display_bits(unsigned char row, unsigned char col, 036 unsigned char attribu 041 unsigned char attribute, 037 sos_ui32_t integer) 042 sos_ui32_t integer) 038 { 043 { 039 int i; 044 int i; 040 /* Scan each bit of the integer, MSb first * 045 /* Scan each bit of the integer, MSb first */ 041 for (i = 31 ; i >= 0 ; i--) 046 for (i = 31 ; i >= 0 ; i--) 042 { 047 { 043 /* Test if bit i of 'integer' is set */ 048 /* Test if bit i of 'integer' is set */ 044 int bit_i = (integer & (1 << i)); 049 int bit_i = (integer & (1 << i)); 045 /* Ascii 219 => dark carret, Ascii 177 = 050 /* Ascii 219 => dark carret, Ascii 177 => light carret */ 046 unsigned char ascii_code = bit_i?219:177 051 unsigned char ascii_code = bit_i?219:177; 047 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(row, col++, 052 sos_x86_videomem_putchar(row, col++, 048 attribute, 053 attribute, 049 ascii_code); 054 ascii_code); 050 } 055 } 051 } 056 } 052 057 053 058 054 /* Clock IRQ handler */ 059 /* Clock IRQ handler */ 055 static void clk_it(int intid) 060 static void clk_it(int intid) 056 { 061 { 057 static sos_ui32_t clock_count = 0; 062 static sos_ui32_t clock_count = 0; 058 063 059 display_bits(0, 48, 064 display_bits(0, 48, 060 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN | SOS_ 065 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 061 clock_count); 066 clock_count); 062 clock_count++; 067 clock_count++; 063 068 064 } 069 } >> 070 struct digit >> 071 { >> 072 struct digit *prev, *next; >> 073 char value; >> 074 }; >> 075 >> 076 /* Representation of a big (positive) integer: Most Significant Digit >> 077 (MSD) is the HEAD of the list. Least Significant Digit (LSD) is the >> 078 TAIL of the list */ >> 079 typedef struct digit * big_number_t; >> 080 >> 081 >> 082 /* Add a new digit after the LSD */ >> 083 void bn_push_lsd(big_number_t * bn, char value) >> 084 { >> 085 struct digit *d; >> 086 d = (struct digit*) sos_kmalloc(sizeof(struct digit), 0); >> 087 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(d != NULL); >> 088 d->value = value; >> 089 list_add_tail(*bn, d); >> 090 } >> 091 >> 092 >> 093 /* Add a new digit before the MSD */ >> 094 void bn_push_msd(big_number_t * bn, char value) >> 095 { >> 096 struct digit *d; >> 097 d = (struct digit*) sos_kmalloc(sizeof(struct digit), 0); >> 098 SOS_ASSERT_FATAL(d != NULL); >> 099 d->value = value; >> 100 list_add_head(*bn, d); >> 101 } >> 102 >> 103 >> 104 /* Construct a big integer from a (machine) integer */ >> 105 big_number_t bn_new(unsigned long int i) >> 106 { >> 107 big_number_t retval; >> 108 >> 109 list_init(retval); >> 110 do >> 111 { >> 112 bn_push_msd(&retval, i%10); >> 113 i /= 10; >> 114 } >> 115 while (i != 0); >> 116 >> 117 return retval; >> 118 } >> 119 >> 120 >> 121 /* Create a new big integer from another big integer */ >> 122 big_number_t bn_copy(const big_number_t bn) >> 123 { >> 124 big_number_t retval; >> 125 int nb_elts; >> 126 struct digit *d; >> 127 >> 128 list_init(retval); >> 129 list_foreach(bn, d, nb_elts) >> 130 { >> 131 bn_push_lsd(&retval, d->value); >> 132 } >> 133 >> 134 return retval; >> 135 } >> 136 >> 137 >> 138 /* Free the memory used by a big integer */ >> 139 void bn_del(big_number_t * bn) >> 140 { >> 141 struct digit *d; >> 142 >> 143 list_collapse(*bn, d) >> 144 { >> 145 sos_kfree((sos_vaddr_t)d); >> 146 } >> 147 } >> 148 >> 149 >> 150 /* Shift left a big integer: bn := bn*10^shift */ >> 151 void bn_shift(big_number_t *bn, int shift) >> 152 { >> 153 for ( ; shift > 0 ; shift --) >> 154 { >> 155 bn_push_lsd(bn, 0); >> 156 } >> 157 } >> 158 >> 159 >> 160 /* Dump the big integer in bochs */ >> 161 void bn_print_bochs(const big_number_t bn) >> 162 { >> 163 int nb_elts; >> 164 const struct digit *d; >> 165 >> 166 if (list_is_empty(bn)) >> 167 sos_bochs_printf("0"); >> 168 else >> 169 list_foreach(bn, d, nb_elts) >> 170 sos_bochs_printf("%d", d->value); >> 171 } >> 172 >> 173 /* Dump the big integer on the console */ >> 174 void bn_print_console(unsigned char row, unsigned char col, >> 175 unsigned char attribute, >> 176 const big_number_t bn, >> 177 int nb_decimals) >> 178 { >> 179 if (list_is_empty(bn)) >> 180 sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, col, attribute, "0"); >> 181 else >> 182 { >> 183 int nb_elts; >> 184 const struct digit *d; >> 185 unsigned char x = col; >> 186 >> 187 list_foreach(bn, d, nb_elts) >> 188 { >> 189 if (nb_elts == 0) >> 190 { >> 191 sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, x, attribute, "%d.", d->value); >> 192 x += 2; >> 193 } >> 194 else if (nb_elts < nb_decimals) >> 195 { >> 196 sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, x, attribute, "%d", d->value); >> 197 x ++; >> 198 } >> 199 } >> 200 >> 201 sos_x86_videomem_printf(row, x, attribute, " . 10^{%d} ", nb_elts-1); >> 202 } >> 203 } >> 204 >> 205 >> 206 /* Result is the addition of 2 big integers */ >> 207 big_number_t bn_add (const big_number_t bn1, const big_number_t bn2) >> 208 { >> 209 big_number_t retval; >> 210 const struct digit *d1, *d2; >> 211 sos_bool_t bn1_end = FALSE, bn2_end = FALSE; >> 212 char carry = 0; >> 213 >> 214 list_init(retval); >> 215 d1 = list_get_tail(bn1); >> 216 bn1_end = list_is_empty(bn1); >> 217 d2 = list_get_tail(bn2); >> 218 bn2_end = list_is_empty(bn2); >> 219 do >> 220 { >> 221 if (! bn1_end) >> 222 carry += d1->value; >> 223 if (! bn2_end) >> 224 carry += d2->value; >> 225 >> 226 bn_push_msd(&retval, carry % 10); >> 227 carry /= 10; >> 228 >> 229 if (! bn1_end) >> 230 d1 = d1->prev; >> 231 if (! bn2_end) >> 232 d2 = d2->prev; >> 233 if (d1 == list_get_tail(bn1)) >> 234 bn1_end = TRUE; >> 235 if (d2 == list_get_tail(bn2)) >> 236 bn2_end = TRUE; >> 237 } >> 238 while (!bn1_end || !bn2_end); >> 239 >> 240 if (carry > 0) >> 241 { >> 242 bn_push_msd(&retval, carry); >> 243 } 065 244 066 /* Division by zero exception handler */ !! 245 return retval; 067 static void divide_ex(int exid) !! 246 } >> 247 >> 248 >> 249 /* Result is the multiplication of a big integer by a single digit */ >> 250 big_number_t bn_muli (const big_number_t bn, char digit) 068 { 251 { 069 static sos_ui32_t div_count = 0; !! 252 big_number_t retval; 070 display_bits(0, 0, !! 253 int nb_elts; 071 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTRED | SOS_X8 !! 254 char carry = 0; 072 div_count); !! 255 const struct digit *d; 073 div_count++; !! 256 >> 257 list_init(retval); >> 258 list_foreach_backward(bn, d, nb_elts) >> 259 { >> 260 carry += d->value * digit; >> 261 bn_push_msd(&retval, carry % 10); >> 262 carry /= 10; >> 263 } >> 264 >> 265 if (carry > 0) >> 266 { >> 267 bn_push_msd(&retval, carry); >> 268 } >> 269 >> 270 return retval; 074 } 271 } 075 272 >> 273 >> 274 /* Result is the multiplication of 2 big integers */ >> 275 big_number_t bn_mult(const big_number_t bn1, const big_number_t bn2) >> 276 { >> 277 int shift = 0; >> 278 big_number_t retval; >> 279 int nb_elts; >> 280 struct digit *d; >> 281 >> 282 list_init(retval); >> 283 list_foreach_backward(bn2, d, nb_elts) >> 284 { >> 285 big_number_t retmult = bn_muli(bn1, d->value); >> 286 big_number_t old_retval = retval; >> 287 bn_shift(& retmult, shift); >> 288 retval = bn_add(old_retval, retmult); >> 289 bn_del(& retmult); >> 290 bn_del(& old_retval); >> 291 shift ++; >> 292 } >> 293 >> 294 return retval; >> 295 } >> 296 >> 297 >> 298 /* Result is the factorial of an integer */ >> 299 big_number_t bn_fact(unsigned long int v) >> 300 { >> 301 unsigned long int i; >> 302 big_number_t retval = bn_new(1); >> 303 for (i = 1 ; i <= v ; i++) >> 304 { >> 305 big_number_t I = bn_new(i); >> 306 big_number_t tmp = bn_mult(retval, I); >> 307 sos_x86_videomem_printf(4, 0, >> 308 SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE | SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTGREEN, >> 309 "%d! = ", (int)i); >> 310 bn_print_console(4, 8, SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE | SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_WHITE, >> 311 tmp, 55); >> 312 bn_del(& I); >> 313 bn_del(& retval); >> 314 retval = tmp; >> 315 } >> 316 >> 317 return retval; >> 318 } >> 319 >> 320 >> 321 void bn_test() >> 322 { >> 323 big_number_t bn = bn_fact(1000); >> 324 sos_bochs_printf("1000! = "); >> 325 bn_print_bochs(bn); >> 326 sos_bochs_printf("\n"); >> 327 >> 328 } >> 329 >> 330 076 /* The C entry point of our operating system * 331 /* The C entry point of our operating system */ 077 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned lo 332 void sos_main(unsigned long magic, unsigned long addr) 078 { 333 { 079 unsigned i; 334 unsigned i; >> 335 sos_paddr_t sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, sos_kernel_core_top_paddr; 080 336 081 /* Grub sends us a structure, called multibo 337 /* Grub sends us a structure, called multiboot_info_t with a lot of 082 precious informations about the system, s 338 precious informations about the system, see the multiboot 083 documentation for more information. */ 339 documentation for more information. */ 084 multiboot_info_t *mbi; 340 multiboot_info_t *mbi; 085 mbi = (multiboot_info_t *) addr; 341 mbi = (multiboot_info_t *) addr; 086 342 087 /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the co 343 /* Setup bochs and console, and clear the console */ 088 sos_bochs_setup(); 344 sos_bochs_setup(); 089 345 090 sos_x86_videomem_setup(); 346 sos_x86_videomem_setup(); 091 sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE); 347 sos_x86_videomem_cls(SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE); 092 348 093 /* Greetings from SOS */ 349 /* Greetings from SOS */ 094 if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) 350 if (magic == MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) 095 /* Loaded with Grub */ 351 /* Loaded with Grub */ 096 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 352 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 097 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_Y 353 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 098 "Welcome From GRUB 354 "Welcome From GRUB to %s%c RAM is %dMB (upper mem = 0x%x kB)", 099 "SOS", ',', 355 "SOS", ',', 100 (unsigned)(mbi->me 356 (unsigned)(mbi->mem_upper >> 10) + 1, 101 (unsigned)mbi->mem 357 (unsigned)mbi->mem_upper); 102 else 358 else 103 /* Not loaded with grub */ 359 /* Not loaded with grub */ 104 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 360 sos_x86_videomem_printf(1, 0, 105 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_Y 361 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 106 "Welcome to SOS"); 362 "Welcome to SOS"); 107 363 108 sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs\n"); 364 sos_bochs_putstring("Message in a bochs\n"); 109 365 110 /* Setup CPU segmentation and IRQ subsystem 366 /* Setup CPU segmentation and IRQ subsystem */ 111 sos_gdt_setup(); 367 sos_gdt_setup(); 112 sos_idt_setup(); 368 sos_idt_setup(); 113 369 114 /* Setup SOS IRQs and exceptions subsystem * 370 /* Setup SOS IRQs and exceptions subsystem */ 115 sos_exceptions_setup(); 371 sos_exceptions_setup(); 116 sos_irq_setup(); 372 sos_irq_setup(); 117 373 118 /* Configure the timer so as to raise the IR 374 /* Configure the timer so as to raise the IRQ0 at a 100Hz rate */ 119 sos_i8254_set_frequency(100); 375 sos_i8254_set_frequency(100); 120 376 >> 377 >> 378 /* We need a multiboot-compliant boot loader to get the size of the RAM */ >> 379 if (magic != MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) >> 380 { >> 381 sos_x86_videomem_putstring(20, 0, >> 382 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_LTRED >> 383 | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE >> 384 | SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_BLINKING, >> 385 "I'm not loaded with Grub !"); >> 386 /* STOP ! */ >> 387 for (;;) >> 388 continue; >> 389 } >> 390 121 /* Binding some HW interrupts and exceptions 391 /* Binding some HW interrupts and exceptions to software routines */ 122 sos_irq_set_routine(SOS_IRQ_TIMER, 392 sos_irq_set_routine(SOS_IRQ_TIMER, 123 clk_it); 393 clk_it); 124 sos_exception_set_routine(SOS_EXCEPT_DIVIDE_ << 125 divide_ex); << 126 /* Enabling the HW interrupts here, this wil 394 /* Enabling the HW interrupts here, this will make the timer HW 127 interrupt call our clk_it handler */ 395 interrupt call our clk_it handler */ 128 asm volatile ("sti\n"); 396 asm volatile ("sti\n"); 129 !! 397 /* Multiboot says: "The value returned for upper memory is maximally 130 /* Raise a rafale of 'division by 0' excepti !! 398 the address of the first upper memory hole minus 1 megabyte.". It 131 not really needed (equivalent to a bare " !! 399 also adds: "It is not guaranteed to be this value." aka "YMMV" ;) */ 132 compiling with -O3: "i=1/0;" is considere !! 400 sos_physmem_setup((mbi->mem_upper<<10) + (1<<20), 133 -O3. */ !! 401 & sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, 134 i = 10; !! 402 & sos_kernel_core_top_paddr); 135 while (1) !! 403 136 { !! 404 /* 137 /* Stupid function call to fool gcc opti !! 405 * Switch to paged-memory mode 138 sos_bochs_printf("i = 1 / %d...\n", i); !! 406 */ 139 i = 1 / i; !! 407 140 } !! 408 /* Disabling interrupts should seem more correct, but it's not really 141 !! 409 necessary at this stage */ 142 /* Will never print this since the "divide b !! 410 if (sos_paging_setup(sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, 143 returns to the faulting instruction (see !! 411 sos_kernel_core_top_paddr)) 144 section 5.12), thus re-evaluating the "di !! 412 sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup paged memory mode\n"); 145 and raising the "divide by zero" exceptio !! 413 sos_x86_videomem_printf(2, 0, 146 sos_x86_videomem_putstring(2, 0, !! 414 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_YELLOW | SOS_X86_VIDEO_BG_BLUE, 147 SOS_X86_VIDEO_FG_ !! 415 "Paged-memory mode is activated"); 148 "Invisible"); !! 416 >> 417 >> 418 if (sos_kmem_vmm_setup(sos_kernel_core_base_paddr, >> 419 sos_kernel_core_top_paddr)) >> 420 sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kernel virtual space allocator\n"); >> 421 >> 422 if (sos_kmalloc_setup()) >> 423 sos_bochs_printf("Could not setup the Kmalloc subsystem\n"); >> 424 >> 425 /* Run some kmalloc tests */ >> 426 bn_test(); >> 427 >> 428 /* An operatig system never ends */ >> 429 for (;;) >> 430 continue; 149 431 150 return; 432 return; 151 } 433 }
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